I find that the servers I have the most fun with, have quite a few things in common.
1: They are all not pay to win. Pretty self explanatory, and I'm sure most of you share this opinion, especially if said server is in a competitive multiplayer setting.
2. They are all unique in their own way. I'm not talking you reuse the same minigame idea with a tiny tweak here are there, I'm talking never seen before fun.
3. They all have a good community. Playing with others is often more fun than playing alone, so when you're able to do such consistently with complete strangers, you'll be able to have consistent fun. And you can make friends, too!
Every Minecraft server that I've played for more than 1 hour has met these three criteria, so I think it's safe to say that these are what makes a good Minecraft server for me.