1. no
2. 50 jumps
3. no. they only have 4.0 saturation level
4. b is for block. u is for update and d is for detector. block update detector
5. they're the only hand-held vanilla teleporting devices, yes but there are portals and command blocks as well as tp-ing other players in multiplayer
6. the arrow will miss but the enderman will still catch fire so yes you can but it would be inefficient.
7. it's been tested and blocking is effective against any physical attack including fall damage
8. notch has a golden name because he is a minecraftian god
9. false
10. false. but (weird fact) the xp does vary from only 10xp to 20,000,
giving the player from no levels to 78 levels.